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Blanford's lark〔(ENGLISH NAME UPDATES - IOC Version 2.9 (July 10, 2011) ), IOC World Bird List〕 or Blanford's short-toed lark (''Calandrella blanfordi'') is a small passerine bird of the lark family, Alaudidae. It occurs in north-east Africa and Arabia. Its common name commemorates the English zoologist William Thomas Blanford. It was formerly included in either the greater short-toed lark (''C. brachydactyla'') or the red-capped lark (''C. cinerea'') but is now commonly treated as a separate species. Erlanger's lark (''C. erlangeri'') is sometimes included in this species. It is 14–15 centimetres long. The upperparts are pale sandy-brown with some darker streaking and the crown is rufous. The underparts are pale and plain apart from a small dark patch on the side of the neck made up of vertical streaks. The greater short-toed lark is similar but has a greyer, more-streaked crown. Erlanger's and red-capped larks have darker upperparts with more streaking and a darker rufous crown. Erlanger's lark has larger dark neck-patches while in red-capped lark the patches are rufous. Blanford's lark has a sparrow-like flight-call. The song is given in a circular song-flight and includes a mixture of ''chew-chew-chew-chew'' notes and fluid phrases. There are three subspecies: ''C. b. blanfordi'' in Eritrea, ''C. b. daaroodensis'' in northern Somalia and ''C. b. eremica'' in Yemen and south-west Saudi Arabia. They occur on open stony plains, often with bushes. In Arabia, it breeds between 1800 and 2500 metres above sea-level with some birds dispersing to lower ground in winter. The species is often seen in flocks outside the breeding season. ==References== * Arlott, Norman (2007) ''Birds of the Palearctic: Passerines'', HarperCollins, London. * Beolens, Bo & Watkins, Michael (2003) ''Whose Bird?: Men and women commemorated in the common names of birds'', Christopher Helm, London. * Hollom, P. A. D.; Porter, R. F.; Christensen, S. & Willis, Ian (1988) ''Birds of the Middle East and North Africa'', T & AD Poyser, Calton, England. * Sinclair, Ian & Ryan, Peter (2003) ''Birds of Africa south of the Sahara'', Struik, Cape Town. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Blanford's lark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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